Are you looking for a pretty but low-maintenance plant for your garden? Yarrow might be the ticket.
This herbaceous perennial plant is native to North America, Europe, and Asia. It’s instantly recognizable for its lacy, feathery foliage and clusters of tiny white, yellow, pink, and red flowers. Yarrow blooms from late spring to early autumn and can reach one to three feet high.
While it’s commonly grown as an ornamental plant, yarrow also holds medicinal properties and serves practical roles in the garden by attracting pollinators and acting as a ground cover.
Yarrow Benefits
- Yarrow is highly drought-resistant.
- Bees, butterflies, and other beneficial insects are drawn to yarrow’s flowers.
- It’s resilient and thrives with minimal care.
- Its extensive root system helps anchor the soil, making it a top choice for slopes and areas prone to erosion.
- Yarrow’s blooms add texture and soft colors to a garden.
- Traditionally, yarrow treats wounds, reduces inflammation, and calms digestive issues. It also makes a tasty cup of tea!
Native Varieties for California
If you’re gardening in California, consider native yarrow varieties that are naturally adapted to the state’s climate:
- Common Yarrow (Achillea millefolium): This adaptable yarrow species produces white flowers and thrives in various conditions.
- Mountain Yarrow (Achillea granulosa): Native to higher elevations, this variety is perfect for gardening in cooler, mountainous areas of the state.
- Island Yarrow (Achillea millefolium var. californica): A localized variety from California’s Channel Islands, Island Yarrow is particularly drought-hardy and more compact.
Multicolored yarrow flowers in a garden.
Optimal Growing Conditions
Yarrow is adaptable, but certain conditions will maximize its growth and bloom potential.
Light
- Yarrow requires at least 6–8 hours of full sun daily.
- While it tolerates partial shade, reduced light may lead to fewer flowers and leggier growth.
Temperature
- Ideal temperature range is between 60°F and 75°F.
- Yarrow is frost-hardy but does best in warm, dry climates typical of drought-prone regions.
Soil
- Prefers well-draining soil. Soggy or clay-like conditions may cause root rot.
- Flourishes in poor to moderately fertile soils — no need for rich, nutrient-heavy soil.
- Ideal pH range is 6.0 to 8.0 (neutral to slightly alkaline).
Propagation Methods
Seeds
- Start indoors 6–8 weeks before the last frost, or direct sow outdoors after the threat of frost has passed.
- Scatter seeds on the soil surface. They need light to germinate.
Division
- Divide mature yarrow plants every 2–3 years in early spring or fall.
- Dig up the plant, separate the clumps, and replant them in a new location.
Cuttings
- Take softwood cuttings in spring.
- Dip them in rooting hormone and plant them in a moist potting mix.
Yarrow flowers will draw butterflies and other pollinating insects to your garden.
Step-by-Step Planting Instructions
The best time to plant a yarrow is in the spring after the last frost or early fall, giving the plant enough time to establish roots before extreme summer or winter weather.
- Pick a sunny spot with well-draining soil. Avoid areas prone to waterlogging.
- Loosen the soil by tilling or digging, and mix in sand or gravel if necessary to improve drainage.
- If using seeds, sprinkle them on the soil surface and lightly press them down without covering them.
- For seedlings or divisions, dig a hole twice as wide as the root ball and plant at the same depth as the original soil line.
- Give the plants a thorough soaking right after planting, but avoid overwatering. Yarrow tolerates dry conditions.
- (Optional) Apply a thin layer of mulch to suppress weeds and retain moisture, but leave room around the base of the plant to prevent rot.
Yarrow Plant Care
Once established, yarrow practically takes care of itself.
Water
- Yarrow prefers dry conditions, so watering once every two weeks during droughts is usually sufficient.
Fertilizer
- Yarrow doesn’t need regular fertilization. Too much nitrogen promotes leggy growth and reduces blooming.
Pests & Diseases
- Yarrow is pest-resistant but may encounter aphids or spider mites. Use insecticidal soap to manage infestations.
- Overwatering can lead to fungal diseases such as powdery mildew. Proper spacing and watering practices will prevent this.
Pruning
- Deadhead spent flowers regularly to prolong blooming.
- Cut back the entire plant to a few inches above the ground in late autumn or early winter. This encourages more compact growth and prevents self-seeding.
A closeup of white yarrow flowers.
Harvesting Yarrow
- Harvest blooms just as they’re opening for the best appearance and fragrance.
- Use sharp scissors to cut the stems.
- Pick young leaves for culinary or medicinal use.
- Tie small bundles of stems together and hang them upside down in a dry, dark space to dry.
- Once dry, store in an airtight container.
Culinary Applications
Yarrow’s young, tender leaves and flowers are edible. The leaves have a slightly bitter, earthy flavor similar to tarragon or thyme, making them a great addition to soups, stews, and salads.
Fresh yarrow leaves can be finely chopped to season roasted vegetables, meats, or sauces. The flowers, on the other hand, can serve as garnish.
Yarrow infused in teas or tinctures provides a subtle aromatic flavor. However, always use yarrow in moderation, as its concentrated flavor can easily overpower a dish.
The leaves of the yarrow plant are edible, and the flowers can be used to make tea.
FAQs: Growing Yarrow
Q: Can yarrow tolerate extreme heat?
Yarrow thrives in hot, dry climates, perfect for drought-prone areas.
Q: Does yarrow spread aggressively?
Certain varieties can spread via rhizomes, but regular trimming and dividing can keep growth under control.
Q: Is yarrow safe for pets?
Yarrow is mildly toxic to cats and dogs if ingested, so keep it out of reach if you have curious pets.
Q: Can I grow yarrow in containers?
Yarrow grows well in containers if the pot has good drainage and receives ample sunlight.
Q: Can yarrow be grown indoors?
It can be grown indoors in a sunny window or under grow lights. Ensure the plant receives at least 6–8 hours of light daily and is planted in well-draining soil.
Q: Can yarrow grow in sandy soil?
Yes, yarrow loves sandy, well-draining soil. Its adaptability makes it an excellent choice for areas with poor soil quality, including sandy locations.